利用tikz做了高中数学一些章节的知识结构简图，主要涉及到node、draw、及坐标的一些应用。给出一个示例：

\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}

\usepackage{ctex}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows.meta}

\begin{document}


    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{scope}[every node/.style={draw=cyan}]    
        \node (a) {数列};
            %使用相对位置，要有库positioning的支持。
        \node[right =2em of a,yshift=2em ](e){概念};
        \node[right =2em of a,yshift=-2em](f){表示};
        \node[right=3em of f,yshift=3em] (f1) {表格};
        \node[right=3em of f,yshift=1em](f2) {图象};
        \node[right=3em of f,yshift=-1em] (f3) {通项公式};
        \node[right=3em of f,yshift=-3em] (f4) {递推公式};
        \node[below=11em of a] (b) {特殊数列};
        \node [right=2em of b,yshift=5em](b1) {一次函数};
        \node[right=2em of b,yshift=2em] (b2){等差数列} ;   
        \node[right=2em of b,yshift=-2em] (b3) {等比数列};
        \node[right=2em of b ,yshift=-5em] (b4) {指数函数};
        \node[right=2em of b2,yshift=0.5em] (b21) {概念};
        \node[below=0.5em of b21,] (b22) {表示};
        \node[ right=2em of b3,yshift=-0.5em] (b23) {前n项和公式};
        \node[right=3em of b22] (b231) {通项公式};
        \node[right=2em of b231,yshift=-1em] (b232) {应用};
        \node[below=9em of b] (c) {数学归纳法};
        \node[right=2em of c,yshift=2em] (c1) {基本原理};
        \node[right=2em of c,yshift=-2em] (c2){简单应用};   
    \end{scope}
    \begin{scope}   [draw=cyan,>=stealth]
            \draw[->] (c)--(b);
            \draw[->] (a)--node[draw=white,left=0.1em]{特殊化}(b);
            \draw (a.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(e.west);
            \draw (a.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(f.west);
            \draw (f.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(f1.west);
            \draw (f.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(f2.west);
            \draw (f.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(f3.west);
            \draw (f.east)-- ++(1em,0em)|-(f4.west);
            \draw[<->,dashed](b2) -- (b1);
            \draw[<->,dashed](b3) -- (b4);
            \draw[<->,](b2) to node[left] {类比} (b3);    
            \draw (b.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(b2.west);
            \draw (b.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(b3.west);
            \draw (b2.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(b21.west);
            \draw (b2.east)--++(1em,0em) |-(b21.west);
            \draw (b2.east)--++(1em,0em) |-(b22.west);
            \draw (b2.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(b23.west);
            \draw (b2.east)--++(1em,0em) |-(b3.east);
            \draw (b232.west)--++(-1em,0em)|-(b231.east);
            \draw (b232.west)--++(-1em,0em)|-(b23.east);
            \draw (b22.east)--(b231.west);
            \draw (c.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(c1.west) ;    
            \draw (c.east)--++(1em,0em)|-(c2.west) ;    
        \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}